Where wireless is a passion
There are three ways to do protocol analyzing. The first one is the mobile category. Mobile is laptop based, or nowadays you can use tablets as well. The ‘problem’ is, knowing if the hardware and software is ready for protocol analysis. Does the operating system support the adapters that you are using? Apple tablets don’t …
In a previous blog, I mentioned the differences between personal and enterprise security. Personal uses a Pre-Shared Key and enterprise uses the 802.1X framework for authentication. It doesn’t matter that we are using Open System Authentication, since WPA2-personal and WPA2-enterprise is secure enough. After the Open System Authentication, you will see the EAP frames. In …
Since these blogposts are preparing for my CWAP, there will be no blogpost about WPA-personal. This blog is how to identify WPA2-personal in the frames, during which I’ll point out the differences between WPA/WPA2 and Personal/Enterprise. There will be a separate blogpost about WPA2-Enterprise in detail as well. Below there is a beacon frame, a …
During my blog “MAC Headers,” I already discussed the Data frames. In this small blog, I want to talk about the 4 most common data frame types. The first is the “normal” Data Frame. This is the data frame without the QoS field in the header. You can filter in wireshark with wlan.fc.type_subtype == 0x0 …
Frames that are part of the control frames are RTS and CTS. Those two frames are used for avoiding collisions during transmitting. The client needs to be enabled for RTS/CTS. The RTS frame is sent by the client to request to send data. The CTS tells the client that the client is clear to send …
Authentication/Deauthentication Frames To enter the authentication state (remember the different states a client can be assigned to) you need authentication frames. There are four frames during the authentication. First the client transmits an authentication frame and the access point replies with an acknowledgement and an authentication (response) frame. The client replies with an acknowledgement. The …